Nitrile Electrolyte Strategy for 4.9 <scp>V?Class Lithium?Metal</scp> Batteries Operating in Flame

Challenges facing high-voltage/high-capacity cathodes, in addition to the longstanding problems pertinent lithium (Li)-metal anodes, should be addressed develop high-energy-density Li-metal batteries. This issue mostly stems from interfacial instability between electrodes and electrolytes. Conventional carbonate- or ether-based liquid electrolytes suffer not only volatility flammability but also limited electrochemical stability window. Here, we report a nitrile electrolyte strategy based on concentrated (CNEs) with co-additives. The CNE consists of high-concentration bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (LiFSI) solvent mixture succinonitrile (SN)/acetonitrile (AN). SN/AN is designed ensure high oxidation along thermal stability, which are prerequisites for high-voltage cells. exhibits Li metals due coordinated solvation structure. Lithium nitrate (LiNO3) indium fluoride (InF3) incorporated as synergistic co-additives further stabilize solid-electrolyte interphase (SEI) metals. resulting (CNE + LiNO3/InF3) enables stable cycling performance Li||LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1 4.9 V-class Li||LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 Notably, cell maintains its activity at temperature (100 °C) even flame without fire explosion.